Month: March 2017
LESSON EIGHT | 40 Ahâdeeth | Arba’een | of Imaam Nawawi رحمة الله عليه
Lessons from Ahâdeeth Shareef by Moulana Naeem Motala | Commentary on 40 Ahâdeeth | Arba’een | of Imaam Nawawi رحمة الله عليه with emphasis on perfecting one’s character
| LESSON EIGHT |
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اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ نَحْمَدُهُ وَنَسْتَعِينُهُ وَنَسْتَغْفِرُهُ وَنُؤمِنُ بِهِ وَ نَتَوَ كَّلُ عَلَيهِ ، وَنَعُوْذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ شُرُوْرِ أَنْفُسِنَا وَمِنْ سَيِّئَاتِ أَعْمَالِنَا، مَنْ يَهْدِهِ اللَّهُ فَلاَ مُضِلَّ لَهُ وَمَنْ يُضْلِلْ فَلاَ هَادِيَ لَهُ ، وَنَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ ، وَنَشْهَدُ أَنَّ سَيِّدَناَ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ
Verily all praise is for Allah, we praise Him and seek His aid and ask for His forgiveness and we believe in Him and we place our trust upon Him, and we seek refuge with Allah from the evils of ourselves and our evil actions. Whomsoever Allah guides there is none who can misguide him, and whomsoever Allah misguides there is none who can guide him, and we bear witness that none has the right to be worshiped except Allah alone, having no partner, and we bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and His Messenger
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اَللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى سَيِّدِناَ مُحَمَّدٍ ، وَعَلَى آلِ سَيِّدِناَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَبَارِكْ وَسَلِّمْ
Allahumma Salli ‘ala Sayyidina Muhammad Wa’ala Aali Sayyidina Muhammadin Wa Baarik Wa Sallim | Oh Allah shower blessings and peace upon our Master Muhammad Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam and upon the family of Muhammad Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam
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| HADITH 7 |
The Deen (Religion) is Sincerity/Good Counsel
عَنْ أَبِي رُقَيَّةَ تَمِيمِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ الدَّارِيِّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم
قَالَ: الدِّينُ النَّصِيحَةُ. قُلْنَا: لِمَنْ؟ قَالَ: لِلَّهِ، وَلِكِتَابِهِ، وَلِرَسُولِهِ، وَلِأَئِمَّةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَعَامَّتِهِمْ
[رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ]
Abi Ruqayyah Tameem ibn Aus ad-Daaree Radiallahu Anhu narrates that : Rasullullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam said :
“The Deen (religion) is sincerity/good counsel”. We said : “To whom?”. He (Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam) said : “To Allah, His Book, His Messenger, and to the leaders of the Muslims and their common folk”.
[Saheeh Muslim]
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| BRIEF EXPLANTION |
الدِّينُ النَّصِيحَةُ | Ad-Deen An-Naseehah
In this Hadith, ‘Ad-Deen An-Naseehah’, Deen (religion) is sincerity and good counsel.
The word النَّصِيحَةُ Naseehah has a very deep and broad meaning. The linguistic meaning of Naseehah means to purify. ‘Nasahtul~al‘asl’ , a verb from the same root word Naseehah means, ‘I purified the honey’ … ie : I filtered out the wax from it.
The word Naseehah could also mean : sincerity ; good counsel ; well-wishing or altruism.
The word Naseehah has different meanings when used in different contexts. When referred to, with regard to Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala and Rasullullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam the word has a different meaning, from when it is referred to with regard to leaders and the general public.
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لِلَّهِ| Naseehah to Allah
In this Hadith, Ulema explain النَّصِيحَةُ لِلَّهِ ‘Naseehah to Allah’ (sincerity towards Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala) means :
Believing in the Oneness (Tauheed) of Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala with all His excellent names and qualities ; to love and obey Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala ; to do those actions that will please Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala ; to praise Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala ; to deem Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala as being perfect and free from anything that is opposite to His perfect attributes and to intend only Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala when worshipping Him.
Imaam Ahmed bin Hanbal Rahmatullahi Alayh narrates a Hadith of Hazrat Abu Umaamah Radiallahu Anhu that Rasullullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam said : Allah Ta’ala says :
أَحَبُّ مَا تَعَبَّدَنِي بِهِ عَبْدِي إِلَيَّ النُّصْحُ لِي
“The most beloved act, with which My servant worships Me is sincerity for My sake”. [Musnad Ahmad]
Selfless sincerity towards Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala requires that one undertakes to discharge one’s obligations to Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala in the most perfect manner. This is the station of Maqaam-al-Ihsaan (Station of Perfection).
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وَلِكِتَابِهِ ، | His Book
Sincerity towards the Qur’aan-e-Majeed (the book of Allah) means : to believe in the Qur’aan being the Kalaam of Allah (the speech of Allah). One has to honour and respect and love the Qur’aan and recite it with Tajweed. One has to endeavour to understand the Tafseer (exegesis of the Qur’aan) and obey the injunctions found within the Qur’aan. One has to give Da’wah (pass on the message) of the Qur’aan.
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وَلِرَسُولِهِ ، | His Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam)
Sincerity towards the Messenger of Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala means : to believe in Rasullullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam. After Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala, one must love Rasullullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam most dearly. Regarding this, Rasullullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam has mentioned :
لاَ يُؤْمِنُ أَحَدُكُمْ حَتَّى أَكُونَ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ وَالِدِهِ وَوَلَدِهِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِي
“None of you has true Imaan, until I (Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam) become more beloved to him than his own parents, family, children and the entire mankind”. [Saheeh Bukhaari]
One has to exert one’s fullest effort to obey Rasullullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam and imbibe in one’s life the Sunnah of Rasullullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam. One has to follow the footsteps of Rasullullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam and develop the beautiful Akhlaaq (character) of Rasullullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam. One has to send abundant Salawaat (Durood and Salaam) upon Rasullullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam.
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وَلِأَئِمَّةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ، | and to the leaders of the Muslims
Sincerity towards the Leaders of the Muslims means : to obey the Ulema and leaders of the Muslim community (via good counselling) ; wanting good for them ; making Du’a for them, advising them ; appropriately counselling them when required ; showing love and respect for the Ulema/Scholars and not searching for their mistakes ; to have trust and confidence in them ; helping them in whatever is good and beneficial ; obeying them in what is right ; reminding them should they err or forget ; being patient with them if they do anything we may dislike and avoiding rising against them … so that the Ummah is united.
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وَعَامَّتِهِمْ ، | and their common folk
Sincerity towards the common folk (the general masses/public) means : to direct them towards what is of benefit for them ; to teach them the affairs of Deen ; to veil and conceal their faults ; to help them in times of distress and calamity ; to fulfil their needs ; to help them against their enemy ; to defend them and protect them ; to avoid deceiving them and being jealous of them ; to love for them what one loves for oneself ; to dislike for them what one dislikes for oneself ; to observe all their rights ; to attend their Salaatul Janazah ; to visit them when they are sick ; to command them with good and forbid them from evil ; to advise and offer them sincere good counselling when asked.
Rasullullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam has mentioned : وَيَنْصَحُهُ إِذَا اسْتَنْصَحَهُ “When one asks his brother for sincere good counsel, then he should advise him”. [Al Adab Al Mufrad]
Al-Haafidh Abu Nu’aim Rahmatullahi Alayh mentioned (that this Hadith), ‘Ad-Deen An-Naseehah’ is tremendously important.
Ulema and scholars have also mentioned (that this Hadith), ‘Ad-Deenu Naseehah’ is one-quarter of the Deen.
LESSON SEVEN | 40 Ahâdeeth | Arba’een | of Imaam Nawawi رحمة الله عليه
Lessons from Ahâdeeth Shareef by Moulana Naeem Motala | Commentary on 40 Ahâdeeth | Arba’een | of Imaam Nawawi رحمة الله عليه with emphasis on perfecting one’s character
| LESSON SEVEN |
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اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ نَحْمَدُهُ وَنَسْتَعِينُهُ وَنَسْتَغْفِرُهُ وَنُؤمِنُ بِهِ وَ نَتَوَ كَّلُ عَلَيهِ ، وَنَعُوْذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ شُرُوْرِ أَنْفُسِنَا وَمِنْ سَيِّئَاتِ أَعْمَالِنَا، مَنْ يَهْدِهِ اللَّهُ فَلاَ مُضِلَّ لَهُ وَمَنْ يُضْلِلْ فَلاَ هَادِيَ لَهُ ، وَنَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ ، وَنَشْهَدُ أَنَّ سَيِّدَناَ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ
Verily all praise is for Allah, we praise Him and seek His aid and ask for His forgiveness and we believe in Him and we place our trust upon Him, and we seek refuge with Allah from the evils of ourselves and our evil actions. Whomsoever Allah guides there is none who can misguide him, and whomsoever Allah misguides there is none who can guide him, and we bear witness that none has the right to be worshiped except Allah alone, having no partner, and we bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and His Messenger
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اَللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى سَيِّدِناَ مُحَمَّدٍ ، وَعَلَى آلِ سَيِّدِناَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَبَارِكْ وَسَلِّمْ
Allahumma Salli ‘ala Sayyidina Muhammad Wa’ala Aali Sayyidina Muhammadin Wa Baarik Wa Sallim | Oh Allah shower blessings and peace upon our Master Muhammad Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam and upon the family of Muhammad Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam
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| HADITH 6 |
Avoiding Doubtful Matters
عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا، قَالَ: سَمِعْت رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه و سلم يَقُولُ:
إنَّ الْحَلَالَ بَيِّنٌ، وَإِنَّ الْحَرَامَ بَيِّنٌ، وَبَيْنَهُمَا أُمُورٌ مُشْتَبِهَاتٌ لَا يَعْلَمُهُنَّ كَثِيرٌ مِنْ النَّاسِ، فَمَنْ اتَّقَى الشُّبُهَاتِ فَقْد اسْتَبْرَأَ لِدِينِهِ وَعِرْضِهِ، وَمَنْ وَقَعَ فِي الشُّبُهَاتِ وَقَعَ فِي الْحَرَامِ، كَالرَّاعِي يَرْعَى حَوْلَ الْحِمَى يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَرْتَعَ فِيهِ، أَلَا وَإِنَّ لِكُلِّ مَلِكٍ حِمًى، أَلَا وَإِنَّ حِمَى اللَّهِ مَحَارِمُهُ، أَلَا وَإِنَّ فِي الْجَسَدِ مُضْغَةً إذَا صَلَحَتْ صَلَحَ الْجَسَدُ كُلُّهُ، وَإذَا فَسَدَتْ فَسَدَ الْجَسَدُ كُلُّهُ، أَلَا وَهِيَ الْقَلْبُ
[رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ] ، [رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ]
An-Nu’man ibn Basheer Radiallahu Anhuma narrates that : Rasullullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam said :
“That which is lawful is clear and that which is unlawful is clear, and between the two of them are doubtful matters about which many people do not know. Thus he who avoids doubtful matters, clears himself in regard to his religion and his honour, but he who falls into doubtful matters [eventually] falls into that which is unlawful, like the shepherd who pastures his flock (very close) around a sanctuary, will soon pasture them in it. Behold, every king has a sanctuary, and truly Allah’s sanctuary is His ‘Prohibitions’. Verily in the body there is a morsel of flesh, which, if it be sound, the entire body is sound and which, if it is diseased, the entire body is diseased. Truly, it is the heart”.
[Saheeh Buhkaari] [Saheeh Muslim]
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| BRIEF EXPLANTION |
• This very comprehensive Hadith indicates that all matters are one of three types, namely ; clearly Halaal, clearly Haraam and that which is doubtful.
• Many Ulema have considered this Hadith as, one of four or five Ahaadeeth, around which the entire Deen of Islam revolves.
• In this Hadith we have been guided to be cautious not to fall into doubtful or dubious matters. This will serve as a protection for one’s Deen and integrity.
• Rasullullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam has provided a succinct similitude for one who becomes involved in ambiguities or doubtful matters, with the example of a protected sanctuary/pasturage of a King from which others are prevented from grazing their flock close by.
Similarly, there are boundaries and limitations that Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala has placed for the Believers. Whoever oversteps that which is permitted and falls into ambiguity, comes as close as possible to that which is forbidden and Haraam. And so likely, a person will inevitably fall into Haraam.
• In the concluding sentence of the Hadith, Rasullullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam emphasises the fact that one has to purify one’s heart and make sure it is sound, to be able to refrain from doubtful matters.
Only those with a strong and sound heart, ie : a heart that is filled with the love of Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala and a heart that fears violating the commandments of Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala, will such a heart, refrain from doubtful matters.
• In conclusion, there are doubtful matters that a Muslim might face in his/her everyday dealings and activities, and hence this Hadith helps a person to deal with such circumstances and overcome falling into doubtful matters by purifying his heart.
LESSON SIX | 40 Ahâdeeth | Arba’een | of Imaam Nawawi رحمة الله عليه
• LESSON SIX • DOWNLOAD AUDIO > Hadith 5 | Innovations (Bid’ah) | DOWNLOAD NOTES > PDF
Lessons from Ahâdeeth Shareef by Moulana Naeem Motala | Commentary on 40 Ahâdeeth | Arba’een | of Imaam Nawawi رحمة الله عليه with emphasis on perfecting one’s character
| LESSON SIX |
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اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ نَحْمَدُهُ وَنَسْتَعِينُهُ وَنَسْتَغْفِرُهُ وَنُؤمِنُ بِهِ وَ نَتَوَ كَّلُ عَلَيهِ ، وَنَعُوْذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ شُرُوْرِ أَنْفُسِنَا وَمِنْ سَيِّئَاتِ أَعْمَالِنَا، مَنْ يَهْدِهِ اللَّهُ فَلاَ مُضِلَّ لَهُ وَمَنْ يُضْلِلْ فَلاَ هَادِيَ لَهُ ، وَنَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ ، وَنَشْهَدُ أَنَّ سَيِّدَناَ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ
Verily all praise is for Allah, we praise Him and seek His aid and ask for His forgiveness and we believe in Him and we place our trust upon Him, and we seek refuge with Allah from the evils of ourselves and our evil actions. Whomsoever Allah guides there is none who can misguide him, and whomsoever Allah misguides there is none who can guide him, and we bear witness that none has the right to be worshiped except Allah alone, having no partner, and we bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and His Messenger
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اَللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى سَيِّدِناَ مُحَمَّدٍ ، وَعَلَى آلِ سَيِّدِناَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَبَارِكْ وَسَلِّمْ
Allahumma Salli ‘ala Sayyidina Muhammad Wa’ala Aali Sayyidina Muhammadin Wa Baarik Wa Sallim | Oh Allah shower blessings and peace upon our Master Muhammad Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam and upon the family of Muhammad Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam
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| HADITH 5 |
Innovations (Bid’ah)
: عَنْ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أُمِّ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا، قَالَتْ
قَالَ: رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه و سلم : مَنْ أَحْدَثَ فِي أَمْرِنَا هَذَا مَا لَيْسَ مِنْهُ فَهُوَ رَدٌّ
[رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ] ، [رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ]
وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِمُسْلِمٍ : مَنْ عَمِلَ عَمَلًا لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَمْرُنَا فَهُوَ رَدٌّ
The Mother of the Believers (Ummu Abdillah), Hazrat Aa’ishah Radiallahu Anha narrates that : Rasullullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam said : “He who innovates something in this matter (Deen) of ours that is not of it, then it will be rejected”.
[Saheeh Buhkaari] [Saheeh Muslim]
Another version in Saheeh Muslim reads : “Whoever does an act which our matter (Deen) is not (in agreement with) will be rejected (by Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala)”.
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| BRIEF EXPLANTION |
• Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala has perfected, completed and chosen the Deen of Islam for Rasulullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam and his Ummah.
• Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala mentions this in the Noble Qur’aan :
الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِي وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ الْإِسْلَامَ دِينًا
This day, I have perfected your religion for you, completed My Favour upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion. [Surah Al-Maa’idah 5:3]
• Since Islam is complete, perfect and clear, there is no need to introduce anything new, change anything (of it), or add anything unknown (which does not form part of the Deen) to it.
• By introducing new beliefs or principles to the Deen, suggests that the Deen has shortfalls and is incomplete. This is absolutely false.
• It is for this reason that Imaam Maalik Rahmatullahi Alayh said : “He who has perpetrated Bid’ah (innovation), has held, that Muhammad Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam has erred in conveying Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala’s commandments”.
• Shariah has commanded us to hold firmly onto the Qur’aan and Sunnah. In the commentary of this particular Hadith, Imaam NawawiRahmatullahi Alayh and other scholars have explained, that this Hadith should be memorized and used as a measure to nullify and combat any innovations in Deen.
• Just as ‘Innamal a’maalu binniyaat’ (the first Hadeeth of the Arba’een) concentrates on the inner actions of a person, similarly, this Hadith deals with the outer actions of a person being in conformity with the Sunnah of Rasulullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam.
• Rasulullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam has mentioned in a Hadith :
كُلُّ أُمَّتِي يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ، إِلاَّ مَنْ أَبَى . قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَمَنْ يَأْبَى قَالَ : مَنْ أَطَاعَنِي دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ، وَمَنْ عَصَانِي فَقَدْ أَبَى
“Every Ummati (of mines) will enter Jannah except those who refuse”. The Sahaabah (Radhiallahu Anhum) asked : “O Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) Who refuses?” He (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) said : “He, who obeys me will enter Jannah, and the one who disobeys me is the one who refuses to enter Jannah”. [Saheeh Buhkaari]
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| DEFINITION OF BID’AH |
What is Bid’ah? An innovation (bid’ah) is an act or belief which does not have it’s origin/evidence in the Qur’aan, Sunnah or in the glorious era of the Sahaabah Radhiallahu Anhum and Taabi’een and is done with the intention of gaining reward and is regarded to be as part of Deen.
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| BID’AH ~ INNOVATIONS |
There are various forms of Bid’ah (innovations) that are ‘introduced’ or ‘innovated’ to the religion of Islam.
- Very many un-Islamic practices take place in the ‘name of Islam’, with specific dates set aside celebrating births, deaths, wedding occasions etc.
- Specifying virtuous days with various types of worship which have not been legislated are all part of Bid’ah.
- Ulema have mentioned from various narrations, that when a person involves himself in Bid’ah (innovation), then in reality, he deprives himself of practising upon the Sunnah.
- Hasan Basri Rahmatullahi Alayh mentioned : “Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala does not accept the fasting, Salaah, Hajj nor the Umrah, of an innovator until he abandons (leaves) the innovation”.
- Ibn Al-Qayyim Rahmatullahi Alayh mentioned : “Those hearts that are pre-occupied with innovations (in Deen), they turn away from the Sunnah of Rasulullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam.”
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| SUMMARY OF THE HADITH |
- An act is clearly part of the religion of Islam if it has acceptable evidence for it in the Qur’aan, Sunnah, consensus and what can be derived from those sources.
- If an act is inconsistent with the Qur’aan and Sunnah it is void and worthless. The act will be rejected by Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala. It will bear no reward.
- The one who introduces such an innovation and the one who practices it later are all equal in having their innovation rejected.
LESSON FIVE | 40 Ahâdeeth | Arba’een | of Imaam Nawawi رحمة الله عليه
• LESSON FIVE • DOWNLOAD AUDIO > Hadith 4 | Deeds are by their Final Actions | DOWNLOAD NOTES > PDF
Lessons from Ahâdeeth Shareef by Moulana Naeem Motala | Commentary on 40 Ahâdeeth | Arba’een | of Imaam Nawawi رحمة الله عليه with emphasis on perfecting one’s character
| LESSON FIVE |
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اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ نَحْمَدُهُ وَنَسْتَعِينُهُ وَنَسْتَغْفِرُهُ وَنُؤمِنُ بِهِ وَ نَتَوَ كَّلُ عَلَيهِ ، وَنَعُوْذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ شُرُوْرِ أَنْفُسِنَا وَمِنْ سَيِّئَاتِ أَعْمَالِنَا، مَنْ يَهْدِهِ اللَّهُ فَلاَ مُضِلَّ لَهُ وَمَنْ يُضْلِلْ فَلاَ هَادِيَ لَهُ ، وَنَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ ، وَنَشْهَدُ أَنَّ سَيِّدَناَ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ
Verily all praise is for Allah, we praise Him and seek His aid and ask for His forgiveness and we believe in Him and we place our trust upon Him, and we seek refuge with Allah from the evils of ourselves and our evil actions. Whomsoever Allah guides there is none who can misguide him, and whomsoever Allah misguides there is none who can guide him, and we bear witness that none has the right to be worshiped except Allah alone, having no partner, and we bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and His Messenger
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اَللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى سَيِّدِناَ مُحَمَّدٍ ، وَعَلَى آلِ سَيِّدِناَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَبَارِكْ وَسَلِّمْ
Allahumma Salli ‘ala Sayyidina Muhammad Wa’ala Aali Sayyidina Muhammadin Wa Baarik Wa Sallim | Oh Allah shower blessings and peace upon our Master Muhammad Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam and upon the family of Muhammad Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam
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| HADITH 4 |
DEEDS ARE BY THEIR FINAL ACTIONS
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عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه و سلم -وَهُوَ الصَّادِقُ الْمَصْدُوقُ-: “إنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ يُجْمَعُ خَلْقُهُ فِي بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْمًا نُطْفَةً، ثُمَّ يَكُونُ عَلَقَةً مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ يَكُونُ مُضْغَةً مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ يُرْسَلُ إلَيْهِ الْمَلَكُ فَيَنْفُخُ فِيهِ الرُّوحَ، وَيُؤْمَرُ بِأَرْبَعِ كَلِمَاتٍ: بِكَتْبِ رِزْقِهِ، وَأَجَلِهِ، وَعَمَلِهِ، وَشَقِيٌّ أَمْ سَعِيدٌّ ؛ فَوَاَللَّهِ الَّذِي لَا إلَهَ غَيْرُهُ إنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ لَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ حَتَّى مَا يَكُونُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهَا إلَّا ذِرَاعٌ فَيَسْبِقُ عَلَيْهِ الْكِتَابُ فَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ فَيَدْخُلُهَا. وَإِنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ لَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ حَتَّى مَا يَكُونُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهَا إلَّا ذِرَاعٌ فَيَسْبِقُ عَلَيْهِ الْكِتَابُ فَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ فَيَدْخُلُهَا
[رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ] ، [رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ]
Hazrat Abdullah ibn Masood Radiallahu Anhu narrates : that Rasullullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam, the truthful, the believed, said :
“The creation of any one of you is gathered in the womb of his mother for forty days as a drop (نُطْفَةً nutfah), then later a blood clot (عَلَقَةً alaqah) for the like of that (for 40 days), then later a morsel of flesh (مُضْغَةً mudghah) for the like of that (40 days). Then the angel is sent to him and breathes the Ruh (spirit) into him, and he is commanded with four words : with writing his provision ; his life-span ; his action ; and whether he is fortunate or unfortunate. By Allah the One other than Whom there is no god, one of you will do the actions of people of Jannah until there is only a ‘cubit’ between him and it, then the decree will overtake him, he will do the actions of the people of the fire and thus enter it. Verily, one of you will do the actions of the people of the Fire until there only remains a cubit between him and it, then the decree will overtake him, he will do the actions of the people of Jannah and so enter it”.
[Saheeh Buhkaari] [Saheeh Muslim]
| BRIEF EXPLANTION |
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- This Hadith discusses the three stages of human foetal development, ie : ‘from a drop of sperm till the Ruh (life) is blown into the foetus’.
- The first stage of development, is when the drop is deposited into the ovum, and remains as a liquid (نُطْفَةً nutfah) for 40 days. During the next stage, a further 40 days, it then transforms into a clot of congealed blood (عَلَقَةً alaqah). And finally, in the next period of 40 days it becomes an embryonic lump (مُضْغَةً mudghah). At this ending stage, life is then put into the foetus.
- This Hadith then discusses the decree of each child with regard to it’s :
(1) Sustenance (Rizq) ; (2) Action (‘Amal) ; (3) Life-span (Ajal) ; (4) Success or failure (Shaqiyyun or Saeed) in the Hereafter
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| SOME IMPORTANT LESSONS DERIVED FROM THIS HADITH |
(1) Meditation upon one’s origin.
(2) No person can claim with certainty that he/she is a Jannati (destined for paradise), nor be over-confident and boast over his/her righteous deeds and actions, because their ‘end condition’ is not known, ie : whether the person will die on Imaan or not.
(3) Actions are dependant upon the end conditions, which is termed as ‘Al Khaatamah’ (a good ending).
(4) A Muslim should not relax, but strive in doing good deeds till the very last moments of his/her life.